2025 year-end summary

I’ve been putting it off for a long time, so I thought I’d write an article before the year. In the past few years, the year-end summaries were basically written about growth, or what else has been done, and what results have been achieved. But forget it this year and just write about the pain and joy. Friends who know me basically know that I am actually very diode, and I am always on both ends of the scale: extreme fun, extreme work, jumping left and right. I am particularly annoyed by the state of being without a goal, because whenever I am in this state, my mind will forcefully introspect and fall into...

New opportunities brought by GEO

Why are you talking about this all of a sudden? Because I have been paying attention to different fields and opportunities in the entire AI market recently, I have also seen and talked about some very interesting opportunities: such as AI + traditional (medical/finance/), AI + figurine toys, AI Reddit, GEO optimization, etc. Since there are many Buiders in the group, I will share it with you and give you some inspiration. I actually think the most interesting thing is the track of AI + toy figures...

How Cloudflare and OpenNext speed up Next.js development

For small teams or indie developer, the main constraints are cost, performance, and development speed. Next.js offers full featured routing, SSR/ISR, and edge rendering on the frontend, white Cloudflare providers global Anycast network and edge computing, so you don’t have to build and maintain a complex multi layer infrastructure yourself. Both Vercel and self hosted clouds can run Next.js, but Cloudflare’s real advantage is how tightly it integrates networking and compute. Vercel’s DX is great for frontend work, but its backend ecosystem is limted. With self hosted infrastructure, you need to assemble the CDN,WAP, load balancer, and certificates on your own.

Today's AI, even if it can "chat", "write code" and "make plans", is essentially a passive tool: it wakes up when you click on it; when you close the page, it is as if it never existed. Sometimes I think: "One day AI will be able to hold my head. If you don't finish this today, you won't be able to sleep after studying. It would be nice to change the entire interaction method into an active paradigm." This actually points to a completely different interaction paradigm: from "tools that passively answer questions...

Background information In the morning, a boss in the group chatted with me about the business of an app for English enlightenment for infants and young children. His perspective is: There are very few merchants in Xiaohongshu. He has some additional information and is certain to increase the traffic in this area. And helped me calculate a very rough profit scale. My perspective is: This business mainly relies on channel traffic, and it has nothing to do with whether it is a red ocean market. It can only generate income for a few months...

1. Several key concepts of the Internet You can think of the Internet as a super complex multi-layer routing network. The key players are: 1. Terminal: the mobile phone or computer in your hand. 2. LAN/Router: Home Wi-Fi, company intranet, intranet address allocation (NAT), simple firewall. 3. Operator network (ISP): China Mobile, China Telecom, China Unicom... They are large...

A long time ago, I had the intention of writing a blog, but I have always been too busy to spare any time to do it. I even spent thousands of dollars to have someone write it for me, which could save some time, but the effect was not very good. It seemed that it was more suitable for me to do this myself.

This chapter will first help you systematically sort out the core and most commonly used indicators and terms in the field of product and market growth. Let’s consider the question of why we want to build an app?

In the previous section, we sorted out the ID relationship and implementation practices of Apple IAP. Next, this article will focus on the other half of the sky: Google Play Billing (hereinafter referred to as GPB). In order to obtain sustainable subscription revenue on the Android side, the four links of GPB must be connected: client tickets, Play services, Google Play Developer AP...

In the previous chapter "4. In-App Purchase (IAP) - Understanding the Overall IAP Ecosystem", we went through the four links of "can buy, can verify, can restore, and can audit", which was more about building a conceptual foundation. When it comes to the Apple chapter, I want to take a closer look: when you actually implement Apple IAP, what roles will you encounter, what processes will you run, what pitfalls will you step on, and how will you tie those seemingly repetitive IDs into a clear net.

IAP is a key part of the mobile business closed loop. A truly stable IAP system is not only capable of being purchased, but also capable of being verified, restored, audited, and capable of dealing with boundaries.

Push is the "reawakening engine" of mobile applications and the only channel that can proactively reach users in closed-loop growth. A successful push means that you remind the user to collect coupons when he has just stopped watching TV shows, inform him in advance that takeout is about to be delivered before he rides home, or pull him back to the key process before he decides to leave the product. The real difficulty lies not in knowing the technology stack, but in “user portrait × appropriate timing × valuable content × correct implementation experience”.

In the Expo system, the choice of workflow directly determines your project complexity, R&D efficiency, and maintainability. This chapter systematically sorts out the boundaries and combinations of the three modes of Managed, Dev Build and Bare from the perspective of "why you choose this" to "how to implement it", and provides environment configuration paradigms, standard scaffolding and troubleshooting lists suitable for team collaboration and production environments. After reading this chapter, you should be able to make solid decisions from the beginning of your project...

In the first chapter, we first quickly establish the overall understanding of [Expo](https://docs.expo.dev/) from three dimensions: SDK / Expo Go / EAS, and its advantages and trade-offs in real projects.

So far, the back-end infrastructure involved in the entire project is lacking, such as queues, timers, memory KV, Websocket, etc. These capabilities are not necessary to implement a minimalist project, but they can help everyone better understand the back-end ecology and architecture, and recall these infrastructures from dusty memories when needed one day in the future.

Without reliable measurement, all optimization is blind. This chapter uses the link of "Event Dictionary → Create → Value → Deduplication → Enhanced Conversion → GA4 Alignment → Offline Postback → Attribution → Diagnosis" to help you get the conversion right and stable.

Before you begin, list the proper nouns that appear in the article:

This chapter answers three questions: 1) What does the “account layer” of Google Ads control? 2) What settings should be done before logging in for the first time? 3) How to securely manage permissions, settlement, data and compliance. After reading, you can independently complete account initialization and establish daily operation and maintenance order.

I have worked in many companies over the years. In the past few years, I changed jobs in pursuit of higher salary, more dividends, and a better platform. I also kept trying to work in different directions, building teams, and then giving up. In the past year, I have been working on my own business, and during my entire entrepreneurial cycle, three development classmates have been preparing to change careers. In fact, I was very angry at first and felt that being a deserter was pure fw.

After detailed explanations in the previous 15 chapters, we have built a complete AI project infrastructure from scratch. This series covers the entire process from project initialization, user authentication, payment system, AI function integration to internationalization and SEO optimization. Now, we already have a set of infrastructure solutions for overseas AI projects with the lowest cost, fastest development, and most versatility.